CLEAN ENERGY SOLUTIONS
LPG & LNG Global Trading
PRODUCT TYPES
LPG vs LNG Comparison
LPG - Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Main Components: Propane & Butane
- Liquefaction: Moderate pressure at ambient temperature
- Storage Temp: -42°C to -0.5°C
- Energy Density: 25 MJ/L
- Transport: Pressurized vessels
- Main Uses: Cooking, heating, automotive, industrial
- Global Trade: 300+ million tons annually
LNG - Liquefied Natural Gas
Main Component: Methane (90-95%)
- Liquefaction: Cryogenic temperature at atmospheric pressure
- Storage Temp: -162°C
- Energy Density: 22 MJ/L
- Transport: Cryogenic tankers
- Main Uses: Power generation, industrial, marine fuel
- Global Trade: 400+ million tons annually
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
LPG Quality Standards
| Parameter | Commercial Propane | Commercial Butane | Test Method | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Composition | Min. 90% Propane | Min. 95% Butane | ASTM D2163 | Heating value and combustion |
| Vapor Pressure at 40°C | 1380 - 1550 kPa | 350 - 480 kPa | ASTM D1267 | Storage and handling safety |
| Volatile Residue | Max. 2 ml/100ml | Max. 2 ml/100ml | ASTM D1837 | Evaporation characteristics |
| Sulfur Content | Max. 50 ppm | Max. 50 ppm | ASTM D6667 | Environmental compliance |
| Water Content | No free water | No free water | ASTM D2713 | Corrosion prevention |
| Copper Corrosion | Class 1 | Class 1 | ASTM D1838 | Equipment compatibility |
| Energy Content | 49.6 MJ/kg | 49.1 MJ/kg | ASTM D240 | Heating value |
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
LNG Quality Standards
| Parameter | Specification | Typical Range | Test Method | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Methane Content | Min. 85% mol | 90-95% mol | ASTM D1945 | Heating value and Wobbe Index |
| Higher Heating Value | As specified | 38-41 MJ/Nm³ | ISO 6976 | Energy content |
| Wobbe Index | As specified | 48-52 MJ/Nm³ | ISO 6976 | Interchangeability in gas networks |
| Nitrogen Content | Max. 1% mol | 0.5-1% mol | ASTM D1945 | Heating value and combustion |
| CO2 Content | Max. 2.5% mol | 0.5-1.5% mol | ASTM D1945 | Freezing point and corrosion |
| Total Sulfur | Max. 30 mg/Nm³ | 10-20 mg/Nm³ | ASTM D6667 | Environmental compliance |
| Heavy Hydrocarbons | Max. C6+ | C2-C5 present | ASTM D1945 | Combustion characteristics |
APPLICATIONS
LPG & LNG Usage Sectors
Residential & Commercial
Clean energy for households and businesses
- Cooking and heating fuel
- Hot water systems
- Commercial kitchens
- Space heating
- Backup power
Industrial
Process fuel and feedstock for industries
- Metal processing
- Ceramics and glass
- Food processing
- Chemical feedstock
- Heat treatment
Power Generation
Electricity production and peak shaving
- Base load power plants
- Peaking power plants
- Combined cycle plants
- Distributed generation
- Grid stability
Transportation
Alternative fuel for vehicles and vessels
- Autogas (LPG vehicles)
- LNG trucks and buses
- Marine fuel (LNG)
- Forklifts and industrial vehicles
- Rail transport
Chemical & Petrochemical
Feedstock for chemical production
- Propylene production
- Ammonia synthesis
- Methanol production
- Ethylene cracking
- Hydrogen production
LOGISTICS
LPG & LNG Supply Chain
Marine Transport
Specialized vessels for global seaborne trade
- LNG Carriers (125,000 - 265,000 m³)
- VLGCs (Very Large Gas Carriers)
- Pressurized LPG carriers
- Semi-refrigerated vessels
- Fully refrigerated LPG carriers
Terminal Operations
Import/export terminals and storage facilities
- LNG regasification terminals
- LPG storage terminals
- Cryogenic storage tanks
- Loading/unloading facilities
- Quality control laboratories
Distribution
Last-mile delivery and distribution networks
- LNG truck loading
- LPG cylinder filling
- Pipeline distribution
- Bulk tanker delivery
- Virtual pipeline solutions
GLOBAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Major LPG & LNG Terminals
Ras Laffan, Qatar
World's largest LNG export terminal
Jubail, Saudi Arabia
Major LPG export hub
Zeebrugge, Belgium
European LNG import gateway
Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
Red Sea LPG terminal
Sabine Pass, USA
US Gulf Coast LNG export
Fujairah, UAE
Middle East LPG hub
ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES
Clean Energy Benefits
Reduced Emissions
Up to 20% lower CO2 emissions compared to oil products
Clean Combustion
Virtually no particulate matter and low SOx emissions
Energy Efficiency
High energy density and efficient combustion
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